One of my vacation books was The Warmth of Other Suns, a chronicle of the Great Migration when six
million African-Americans left the South beginning about 1915 and continuing until 1975.
This was a captivating story of downtrodden people who left the culture of Jim Crow for jobs and opportunity in the northern cities—Chicago, New York, Philadelphia, Detroit and Cleveland, to name a few. Others came to California.
Wilkerson chose to tell the story through three different individuals who went to separate destinations, had varying levels of education and different family situations. She talked about the bitterness some had for the South, and how others were able to let it go. She interspersed it with general stories of the Southern and Northern states during these times, and how this Great Migration impacted the United States, and in some ways led to the election of Barrack Obama.
One of my favorite vignettes was the story of a family named Owens who left Alabama in 1920, headed for Cleveland. They were so convinced that Cleveland was the place to go that their son was named for the town—James Cleveland Owens. The first day in school on Cleveland, James told the teacher to call him by his initials—J.C. The teacher misunderstood his southern accent, instead calling him Jesse. From that day forward the man who went on to win four gold medals in the 1936 Olympics, and enraged Hitler, would be known as Jesse Owens.
If Jesse Owens’ parents not been part of The Great Migration, would he have accomplished those things? Not likely.
Scholars have long hypothesized that the Great Migration was the result of the onset of mechanical cotton pickers and the boll weevil, both eliminating many jobs in the South, and the onset of two world wars that reduced European migration to a trickle in the north, thus creating a labor shortage. Wilkerson, who interviewed 1,200 people over fifteen years, adds her own opinion: that many of the migrants were fleeing the brutality of the former Confederacy, where lynchings were a fact of life and Jim Crow laws and sharecropping were but slavery by another name. Wilkerson has some critics, but I think she makes a good argument.
The Warmth of Other Suns is a narrative of many things the ordinary white American knows little about—the brutality of The South, misconceptions about the migrants, and how this movement of people affected history.
The frustrating part of this book, however, was Wilkerson’s repetitiveness. There were numerous instances where she told the same story over and over, highlighted details repeatedly, or told the same statistics in a slightly different way.
Wilkerson is a Pulitzer Prize-winning reporter, but at times it was as if the book was a series of separate newspaper articles that were compiled into a single volume and the author did not bother to go back and eliminate information that was duplicated.
The book was published by Random House. Where were the editors? If so many readers caught these flaws, surely they would have.
I checked the reviews on Amazon and found many other readers were bothered by these flaws, too. Some readers even gave the book five stars on Amazon, but still complained about reading the same information more than once. The book even won the National Book Critics Circle Award for Non-Fiction.
The message: readers and critics are willing to forgive much for a compelling story, and this one is. The Warmth of Other Suns is a compelling story. It has flaws, but I still recommend it for a good read.
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